The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller Essay Example for Free

The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller EssayWe soon jut another side to Hale. Abigail mentions Tituba and Hale requests to run through her. Hale is quite persuade on meeting Tituba that she is compacting with the Devil and that she has bewitched Betty. He orders Tituba to wake her but when Tituba says she cannot Hale turns angrier and Parris threatens her with whipping. It is not long until Tituba is drawn into fashioning accusations with Abigail and certain names get repeated. Hale is now convinced that the work of the Devil is freeing on in SalemAt the end of knead One, we see how much Hale has a very strong belief in matinee idol and that God is with the people of Salem because he announces, Glory to God It is broken, they be free Hale enters Act Two at the end. He is drawn a little, and there is a quality of deference, even of guilt around his manner now. He explains how the girls have mentioned Rebecca Nurse and he has just come from her house. He is now on the o utside, absolutely certain that it is the work of the Devil going on in Salem, No man may longer surmise the powers of dark are gathered in monstrous attack upon this village.There is too much evidence now to deny it. However, I do feel that Hale is torn between what he feels emotionally, that so many outrageous accusations are being made and therefore something is wrong, and what he feels he must do, keep looking for signs of the Devil in the people of Salem. At the end of Act Two, we see Herrick come to the Proctor household. He has come to arrest Elizabeth by order of the court. Hale seems shocked and talks with uncertainty about Elizabeths link with the Devil but goes on trusting that God will prevail, I shall pray God open up our eyes. In Act Three Hale has changed somewhat. Hale is not convinced at all with Elizabeth Proctors link with the Devil and also with many other people being held by the court. He is now starting to think and speak what the audience reading the play would be thinking and saying. When Elizabeth Proctor defends her husbands name by lying in the court, Hale cries out, Excellency, it is a natural lie to discover I beg you stop now before another is condemned This means that Hale thinks that the people who have been condemned are innocent and it cannot go on.He speaks precisely what everyone reading the play will be thinking in their heads. By the end of Act Three I dont think that there is any doubt I the readers head and that of Hales that the witchcraft is being made up and that Abigail is behind the hysteria. This girl has always struck me false Abigail begins to twist the court away from believe Proctors and Mary Warrens story when they are summoned to the court to talk about the Poppet. She starts to scream and point at the ceiling, insisting that there is a yellow bird up there.The other girls soon follow suit and start to pretend as well. Mary Warren cannot handle this and soon returns to the group of girls where she fe els safer. She now lays an accusation of witchcraft on to Proctor. (pointing at Proctor) Youre the Devils man Hale once again speaks for the audience, You cannot believe them I see nothing, Your Honour and Excellency, this childs gone wild Hale sees that everyone has been engulfed by this press hysteria and so he walks out of court, he doesnt want to be involved in these false accusations any longer.I denounce these proceedings I quit this court In Act Four, Hale is no longer the strong, influential character he was at the beginning of the play. He is now exhausting to get the convicted prisoners to confess so as to save their lives. I think this perhaps show some guilt on Hales head. He was drawn into accept the accusations and freely did his job, basically condemning people to death. Hale asks the people to abandon their principles and confess.

Concentration of sulfuric acid

Concentration of sulphuric sulphurousAbstractMy research question, as the topic states, is How would the concentration of sulfuric acid call for the rate of enthalpy gas produced when it reacts with bid? The reason that I compliments to do this taste is to prove whether the collision theory in Chapter6.2 of the Chemistry textbook1 is true close the concentration will affect the rate of a reaction. And I too did an early(a) extend experimentation ab forbidden whether the temperature will affect the rate of a reaction. After a lot of calculations, and analysis of the experiments data I got, my conclusion is the collision theory is non very suitable on this particular experiment. entreeIn Chapter 6 of IB chemistry textbook about Kinetics, the factors that will affect the rate of a reaction are Concentration, pressure, temperature, come to the fore area and catalyst. I want to choose one of these factors and prove if it will actually affect the reaction rate and I choose the concentration.Then I started to think about the experiment that bunghole show whether the concentration of the reactants will affect the reaction rate. Be do my schools laboratory is very limited, so I can only do the experiments that are weak to operate and will non use very sophisticated apparatus. So, after serious consideration, I decided to use the urge react with sulfuric acid, the form is elaborated on a lower floorFe + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2The reason that I choose to do this experiment is that this experiment can generate gas and the tools to do this experiment are easy to obtain. In Chapter 6 of the Chemistry textbook, one of the techniques for measuring rate is a collection of an evolved gas. Because the rate that the gas generated can represent the rate of the alone reaction, so I just need to measure how fast does the hydrogen gas evolve.Development of the ExperimentThis experiment is not as simple as it looks give care. The first way I use is let iron react with di ssimilar concentration sulfuric acid, and use a stopwatch to measure the judgment of conviction for each different reaction to finish. But after I give a try of this method, I found out that for a reaction to whole stop will take hours or more, which means this way wastes too much time, so this method is not very practical.The second way that came out of my mind is let the hydrogen gas been evolved to fill a balloon, and see how much time it will take to let the balloon to explode. But as everyone knows, Hydrogen gas can burn, so when the balloon explodes, it may also set off the hydrogen gas, so this method is way too dangerous to operate.The final method I developed is close to perfect (I think), and it is better to be shown by a photographIn the left over(p) part of this photo, the iron and sulfuric acid will generate hydrogen gas the hydrogen gas will go into the beaker in the middle of this photo with the guard provide. Because the beaker in the middle has been filled wi th water, the hydrogen gas go into the beaker will begin to push the water out of the beaker. Because there is another(prenominal) glass tube in the beaker (you can see it in the photograph), water will be push into the scoreuated flask in the right part of the photo through the glass tube and the rubber tube. I just need to measure the time for a certain amount of water that has been push into the graduated flask, and examine the time taken of every different reaction, I will know whether the concentration will affect the rate of the reaction.Although this method is perfect for me, I legato made a fall away when I was assembling the apparatus togetherAs the photograph above shows, this is the beaker used to let the reaction took place. The mistake I made is The glass tube is too deep. Because the glass tube is so deep that the mouth of the glass tube is totally immersed by the sulfuric acid, thereof the hydrogen gas evolved cannot go through the glass tube, as a result, the hy drogen gas push the sulfuric acid into the glass tubeLuckily, this mistake is not very hard to correct, I just need to pull the glass tube out a piddling bit, as the photograph shows belowExperimental ProcedureMaterial and instruments pure iron pulverize, very concentrated sulfuric acid, gas collecting bottle, conical flask, balance, stop watch, grad cylinder, glass tubes and semisoft rubber tubes.Because the sulfuric acid I got is very concentrated (98%), so the first thing I need to do is preparing sulfuric acid which has different concentration.Use the grad cylinder to measure certain amount of 98% sulfuric acid.Use the grad cylinder to measure certain amount of water. enlarge the sulfuric acid very slowly into the water and use a glass stirs keep whisking the mixture. I have repeated these procedures for nine times because I raised the concentration of sulfuric acid by 10% each time, finally I got 9 solutions have different concentration 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%,70%, 80% and 90%.Use the balance to measure exactly 5g of iron powder. score the iron powder into the beaker on the left of the photograph.Add the 10% sulfuric acid into the beaker on the left of the photograph.The hydrogen gas will press the water in the bottle into the grad cylinder and use the stop watch to measure the time taken for the hydrogen gas to press out certain volume of water.Add the 5g of iron powder and 20% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat quality 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 30% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 40% sulfuric acid into the left beaker, then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 50% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 60% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 70% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 80% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 90% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Add the 5g of iron powder and 98% sulfuric acid into the left beaker then repeat step 6 and 7.Data and AnalysisFrom the table above, we can see a very quaint trend When the concentration of sulfuric acid increase from 10% to 60%, the time is decreasing, in other words, the rate of the reaction keeps speeding up nevertheless when the concentration of sulfuric acid reaches 70%, theres no reaction between iron and sulfuric acid at all At first, I cannot so far believe what I saw, so I repeat the reaction between iron and 70% sulfuric acid for several times nevertheless ultimately lead to the same result Nothing happened. Then I search this strange thing among a lot of books and websites, and this is called passivation2.Definition of passivation Passivation is the process of making a material passive in relation to another material prior t o using the materials together. For example, prior to storing hydrogen peroxide in an aluminium container, the container can be passivated by rinsing it with a dilute solution of nitric acid and peroxide alternating with deionized water. The nitric acid and peroxide oxidizes and dissolves any impurities on the inside(a) surface of the container, and the deionized water rinses away the acid and oxidate impurities. Another typical passivation process of cleaning stainless steel tanks involves cleaning with sodium hydroxide and citric acid followed by nitric acid (up to 20% at 120 F) and a complete water rinse. This process will restore the film channelize metal particles, dirt, and welding-generated compounds (e.g. oxides).In the context of corrosion, passivation is the spontaneous formation of a hard non-reactive surface film that inhibits further corrosion. This layer is usually an oxide or nitride that is a a couple of(prenominal) atoms thick.Mechanisms of passivation Under nor mal conditions of pH and oxygen concentration, passivation is seen in such materials as aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, stainless steel, titanium, and silicon.Ordinary steel can form a passivating layer in alkali environments, as rebar does in concrete. The conditions necessary for passivation are recorded in Roubaix diagrams.Some corrosion inhibitors help the formation of a passivation layer on the surface of the metals to which they are applied.Passivation of specific materials Aluminum may be protected from oxidation by anodizing and/or valorizing (sometimes called Anodizing), or any of an assortment of similar processes. In addition, zoftig passivation techniques are often used for protecting aluminum. For example, chromating is often used as a sealant to a previously-anodized surface, to increase resistance to salt-water exposure of aluminum separate by nearly a factor of 2 versus simply relying on anodizing.Ferrous materials, including steel, may be somewhat protecte d by promoting oxidation (rust) and then converting the oxidation to a metalophosphate by using phosphoric acid and further protected by surface coating. As the uncoated surface is water-soluble a preferred method is to form manganese or zinc compounds by a process commonly known as Parkerizing or phosphate conversion. Older, less-effective nevertheless chemically-similar electrochemical conversion coatings included bluing, also known as black oxide.Nickel can be used for handling elemental fluorine, thanks to a passivation layer of nickel fluoride.After we read the above explanation of passivation, the reason why iron does not react with concentrated sulfuric acid is middling clear Because concentrated sulfuric acid is extremely oxidizing, so as long the sulfuric touches the surface of iron, it will form an oxidized layer on the iron and this layer will stop iron and sulfuric acid being touch, thus there is no reaction would occur.An Extend of the TopicIt seems that this experime nt could be end here, but theres another idea came out of my mind Since concentration cannot always affect the rate of the reaction, what about the other factors? Will other factors be suitable on this very particular case? Then I decided to do another experiment to see whether the temperature will affect the rate of this reaction.ProcedureUse the balance to measure 5 gram iron powder.Add the iron powder into a clean test tube.Add some 98% sulfuric acid into the same test tube.Use an alcohol burner to heat the test tube and observe what will happen.Not everything goes like we expected, and this experiment is not an exception.As you can see, in the photograph on page 15, theres a lot of gas evolved from the test tube, but I can definitely tell you that this gas is not hydrogen gas, there are two evidence I can found to prove that this is not hydrogen gasWe all know that hydrogen gas can burn, right? But when I put the mouth of the test tube very about to the fire, I cant see any com bustion.We all know that hydrogen gas doesnt have any odor, but when this gas evolved, I can belief a very strong pungent and smelly odor.This evidence can prove this gas is not hydrogen gas, but this evidence also leads to another question What gas is it?I search on the internet and I found an equation that may be relevant to this experiment2Fe+6H2SO4(Hot, concentrated)=Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2OI also found out the reason for why would the experiment react like the equation above in a Chinese website, here is the translation When the temperature is rising, the oxidized layer on the iron will be destroyed and prevent this layer regenerate. Thus, the concentrated sulfuric acid can react with the iron. Also, the rising temperature cause the sulfuric acid be more oxidizing than when its cold, so this directly cause the oxidation number of iron to increase, and this is the reason that when iron react with hot, concentrated sulfuric acid will generate sulfur dioxide(Which is the pungent and s melly odor I mentioned in the second evidence on page 16).ConclusionThe contact Theory in Chapter 6.2 of the Chemistry textbook, which states The rate at which particles collide is increased by increasing the concentration of the reactants, is not suitable on every reaction. In this case, increase the concentration of sulfuric acid can only increase the reaction rate in a certain range.Increase the temperature of the reactants will not always leads to the increase of reaction rate instead, increase the temperature may leads to a totally different reaction. In this case, raise the temperature will cause the iron and sulfuric acid to react and generate sulfur dioxide, rather than hydrogen gas.Some limitation of the experimentAfter I know iron will not react with 70% sulfuric acid, I decided to do more experiments to obtain the accurate Reaction-Stop Concentration, which must be in the range of 60%-70%, but because the experiments tools I have are very limited, so I cannot raise the c oncentration by1% at a time as I wanted, which leaves a little bit flaw to this experiment.Normally students should do experiments in the schools laboratory, but because of some reason, the lab cant give us the opportunity to do the experiment, so I have to buy the tools and materials and do the experiments at home, so this cause a lot of inconveniences to my experiments.Bibliography and ReferencesDamji, Sadru and Green, John, written place unknown, IBID Chemistry Book 2nd edition.Budinski, Kenneth G. (1988), written at Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Surface Engineering for Wear Resistance, Prentice Hall.Brimi, Marjorie A. (1965), written at New York, New York, Electrofinishing, American Elsevier Publishing Company, Inc.

Gravimetric Analysis of a Chloride Salt

Gravimetric Analysis of a Chloride SaltRania WilliamsNour WehbePurposeTo discover the amount of chloride in a alien salt, in order to demonstrate regular methods apply in gravimetric analysisTheoryThis equation describes the reaction between silver ion and chloride which results in the point of intersection silver chloride.Ag+ (aq) + Cl (aq) AgCl (s)Silver nitrate is used to precipitate chloride because it gives the best results.AgCl Solubility in waterSilver chlorides solubility is rattling low however the salt is still soluble to some degree. If precipitate is non complete, the results will be very low.Ksp = 1.6 x 10-10Precipitation occurs in erosive to greatly shrivel up any interference from acid ions. These ions form co-precipitates with silver in acid containing no charged ions. Due to co-precipitates the results would be higher. Also in order for hardihood to occur in acid there needs to be some excess of silver ion at the end of the reaction to reduce the chances of silver chloride becoming more soluble. Co-precipitation would result in higher results.Description The precipitate is heated in order to coagulate it. When it coagulates it will become a clumpy colloidal like form. In this form it will become more difficult for the precipitate to penetrate the filter paper. If the coagulate did go through, the results would be write down. If nitric acid had not been added to the precipitate it would become more vulnerable in penetrating the filter paper. If this had happened the experiment would have to be done again as there would be no way to determine the percentage of chloride in the salt.PhotodecompositionThe equation for photodecomposition occurring in the airAgCl (s) Ag (s) + Cl2(g)When the silver chloride has dried and put into depress it will decompose into chlorine and silver. If photodecomposition occurs in air, the results would be low, however if this decomposition occurred with excess silver ion in an aqueous origin there will be another reaction (3Cl2(g) + 9H2O (l) + 5Ag+ (aq) 5AgCl (s) + ClO3(aq) + 6H3O+ (l)), which will make the results high.How much precipitate is lost by washing with 100ml fresh water?Ksp = AgClx x = x21.6 x 10-10 = 1.3 x 10-51.3 x 10-5= C/0.10 LC =1.3 x 10-5x 143 mol/0.10 L C = 0.01859 mol/L(0.01859)(0.10) = 0.001859= 1.810-3 gThe precipitate is lost ascribable to the solubility of it. The solubility of the precipitate is very low so not much would be lost, however this still would make the results lower.Ions that may co-precipitate with chloride ionWhen precipitation occurs quickly the chances of co-precipitation occurring greatly increases. Anions from some acids may co-precipitate with the chloride ion, forming co precipitates. These co precipitates will alter the results, making them CO32-, OH and NO3ProcedureThe code number of the undiscovered salt that was primed(p) on the lay was recorded. This sample was kept for the full duration of the experiment. Using the analytical b alance, 0.1175g of the sample was weighed forbidden by difference and placed in a 250ml beaker. The beaker was labeled to void confusion between partners.The approximate volume of 0.1 M silver nitrate was calculated using the samples mass, 0.1175g. The mass of the sample was multiplied by the percentage concentration of the chloride hence divided by 35.5. The result was hence divided by 0.1. The result was converted into ml. 5 ml of excess was whence added to the result, making the final result and approximate volume of silver nitrate added, 23ml.In the 250ml beaker with the sample, 100ml of distilled water and 1ml of 6M nitric acid was added to the beaker. 23ml of 0.1M silver nitrate was measured out in a 25ml graduated cylinder then slowly poured into the 250ml beaker. The solution was placed on a hot plate then gently stirred. The solution was stirred until it became close to boiling.In order to test for completeness the solution had a couple drops of silver nitrate poured i nto it to test that the entire chloride ion had been precipitated. The solution showed that it was complete. The 250ml beaker with the solution was then placed into the assigned drawer, to limit its light exposure.Using a piece of soft tissue paper the melting pot which had already cooled was weighed, it had a mass of 30.6707. The senselessness filtration arrangement was set up. The solution without the precipitate was slowly poured into the filter. 5ml of 0.1M nitric acid was used for washing the precipitate. After a couple washings the precipitate was also placed into the filter. A wash bottle was used to help any remaining precipitate out of the beaker. The precipitate was again wash with 0.1M nitric acid.The crucible was then removed from the vacuum filtration arrangement. The leftover washings were disposed of. The crucible was washed once again in the vacuum filtration arrangement. The washing (mainly nitric acid) was taken to the T.A. for testing if the precipitation is com plete by doing a washing with hydrogen chloride on the nitric acid. The first test showed completeness.The crucible was again latched onto the vacuum filtration arrangement to be washed with 3ml of acetone. The acetone was handed to the T.A. for disposal. The crucible was given to the T.A. to put in the oven for drying of the precipitate. The oven had a starting temperature of 110 C and after 30 minutes had a temperature of 119 C.The crucible was then cooled in the desiccator for 10 minutes then weighed with an analytical balance. The result was recorded.ObservationsData tablesSample massesCrucible massesApproximate volume of the liquids and solutions used to was the sampleTemperature of OvenCrucible drying and cooling timesCalculationsAmount of AgNO3 required (calculated amount + 5mL)(0.1175)(0.55)/35.5/0.10.018204225 * 1000mL/1L = 18.20422518.204225 + 5 = 23.20422525mL23mL of AgNo3 neededPercentage chloride in sampleUncertainties copulation errorRelative spread of the percentage o f chloride found62.06% 56.92% / 59.49%= 0.086401076 * 10= 0.86401076 ppt= 0.8640 pptDiscussionMy results were higher due to the photodecomposition of the precipitate that most likely occurred due to an excess of silver ion in the solution. This was a result of human error, as I waited for the precipitate to cool down I did not leave it out of light and failed to ensure that there was not an excess of silver ion in my solution. My results could also be higher due to any co-precipitates from anions such as these CO32-, OH and NO3 . The results could have also become higher due to not universe washed properly. When washing the precipitate only with 3ml of acetone and 5ml of water this may have been possible. When compared with the actual result, my result was higher.My partners results were lower than the real value due to some of her sample being lost during filtration. Sample being lost during filtration is almost unavoidable. Even though she may not have lost a lot of her sample, her initial salt mass was just 1.002g. Losing sample from a sample that was already so small contri moreovered to her results being lower than the actual value. She also may have not allowed for complete precipitation of the chloride ion, resulting in lower results. During the heating of her solution her precipitate coagulated but there were stills some parts of the precipitate that were very tiny were susceptible of being loss the vacuum filtration. When compared with the actual result, my partners result was lower.The fairish of my partner and Is results were very close to the actual result, though the average of our results was still higher than the actual result.ConclusionThe sample number for the unknown salt is 343. The average percentage of the chloride from two trials is 59.49%, whilst the actual percentage of chloride is 58.81%. The uncertainty for the percentage of chloride for my results was 0.2041 and 0.2430 for my partner. The precision of my results was 5.526%, whilst my partners was 3.214%. The accuracy of the results was 0.8640 ppt.ReferencesBooksR.C.Burk, M.Azad, X.Sun, P.A. Wolff, Introductory Chemistry science lab Manual, Carleton University, Ottawa, 2014-15.WebsitesBishop, Mark. Bases. Bases. CHIRAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. 2013. Web. http//preparatorychemistry.com/Bishop_Base_Identification.htm.

Stronger Case Antigone Or Creon Philosophy Essay

Stronger Case Antigone Or Creon Philosophy EssayAt the centre of The Burial at Thebes is the contest between the belief that the gods should conformation the basis of moral behaviour in the separate, presented by Antigone and Creons aspect that the king can define what is correct behaviour. I shall go through the text and preference out passages that be relevant to the incidents presented. My conclusion leave alone be based on which case has the most support throughout the text, remains the most coherent and also the desire of the protagonists to see their views through to the end.Antigone presents her case during the plays prologue. She believes Creons general order forbidding the burial of Polyneices is morally wrong and states clearly that she is going to bury his bole (Heaney, 2004, p51). It is important to none that women played a central role in the religious conventions of funeral rites and practices (Hardwirck, 2008, p195), and these events contrasted with the usual exclusion of women from Greek public life. This issue is raised by Ismene who describers herself and Antigone as two women on our own who we must do as were told (p5).It is made clear in this passage that Antigone k forthwiths she will be sentenced to death for defying Creon, something she has not intention of covering up. For Antigone burying her brother is a matter of showing honour to the dead (the ones youll be with the longest) and her belief that the gods will be towering of me (p6). The immenseness of reverence to the gods is a central theme in the play and Antigones case is streng then(prenominal)ed by her invocation to them and the importance of giving the dead an appropriate burial. originally Creon has say his case he has it strengthened by the refrain who describe him as cover for this city at this time (p9) at the end of the parados. effrontery that one function of the choir is to provide moral comment this is notable backing. Creon case, that Polyneices, a trai tor, an anti- Theban Theban (p10), should not be buried is stated during his start-off rhesis. By giving this order Creon is not only willing to sacrifice family ties but emphasising loyalty to the state.The security of, and loyalty to, the state is the at the heart of Creons case. His start speech is an extended metaphor in which the state is a ship that he led to calmer waters (p8), and those that stood by him a loyal crew. Creon emphasises the words patron and family (p9) to strengthen his belief that personal loyalty must always give way to patriotic duty (p9). After the war with Argos it makes sense that Creon would want to rear a sense of unity by honouring those that stood up for Thebes and highlight the importance of patriotic duty.Creon uses the gods to back up his case. For him they kept Thebes safe during the war with Argos and later on describes as preposterous the idea that the gods have had a hand(p14) in the burial of the traitor Polyneices. Creon believes his ca se here is strong for it would be illogical that the gods would side with Polyneices attached that the city is under their protection (p14). If Creons view of the gods is correct, then is case his strengthened but if, as the Chorus suggests, the gods have sided with Antigone than her belief that they will be proud of her appears to be true.Another theme Creon raises is his belief that dissent to his rule is money orientated. It warps minds and generally corrupts (p15) and is, in Creons mind, the reason why the oblige has not apprehended the burier of Polyneices. When the guard suggests that the judge has misjudged everything (p16) he emphasises judge and mis when he speaks, giving an added sense of foreboding to his words. This is added to when he describes waiting for whatever harry.. the gods were sending (p19) when capturing Antigone. The theme of money and plague are later returned to and help destroy not only Creons case, but also himself.Antigones acceptance of death is hig hlighted when the guard describes how she showed no signs of panic (p20) and admitted breaking Creons law. The following agon gives apiece protagonist the opportunity to strengthen their cases. Antigone does this by emphasising the edict is not the law of Zeus and that she follows original, god-given laws (p20). By invoking the gods again Antigone gives her case the backing of those that all in Thebes will worship long after Creon ceases to rule.Creon challenges Antigone when he asks if religion dictates the same for loyal and disloyal (p24). Here he is supporting his belief that the gods value the security of Thebes and would not want to be joined by a traitor. When he would states he would know his enemy in the underworld (p24) Creon appears to be stating that the afterlife is a a continuation of this life, and the battles he has fought whereas for Antigone the next world is a place where past sins matter not and all are equal and thus that the gods are little concerned with mor tal actions than Creon. With such differing views on the will of the gods the case that is the strongest will be the case that pleases the gods the most.The third episode sticmythia with Haemon gives Creon the opportunity to restate and strengthen his case which he does with his scuttle speech. Here he restates the importance of discipline and obedience to the state when those go cities, homes and armies collapse (p15). Again Creon is stating the importance of stability as he did with his first speech and again he states that he expects his family to observe the discipline I expect from every citizen (p30). It is to a great extent to not respect Creons views here and the Chorus does just this when they state the he seems to make good sense (p31).By the end of the third episode the case laid out in Creons opening speech is brought to the fore. He has sacrificed his son for what he perceives to be the security of the state and has proven that patriotic duty has triumphed over person al loyalty (p10). By relenting now Creon would destroy his case Antigone has to die for Creons case to remain strong and Creon shows that he is willing to accept the consequences of his actions when he tells the Chorus that Haemon can do his worst then (p35). Creon should have remembered the Choruss warning that anyone who oversteps what the city allows risks being put beyond the pale (p16). Haemon tells Creon that People here in Thebes dont seem to think that Antigone is a danger. Creons response that rulersare meant to be in charge should strengthen his case but it doesnt the Chorus also warned of the dangers of treating the lawas his own word (p33).The grace with which Antigone accepts her fate throughout the fourth episode strengthens her case. The Chorus believes that Antigone goes with her head held high and because you were noble (p37 39). It is difficult to not be moved when she says I close my eye on the sun. I turn my back on the light (p39) with emphasises on close, ey e, sun, turn, back and light. Antigone remains consistent and sees her case through to the end. In her final speech she reminds the reader that she has been punished for a reverence that was right (p41), that is a reverence to Hades, to the dead, even if they are enemies of the state and the duty of families to mourn their loved ones.By this point Creon can present his case as being successful. The state has won, and someone that has shown a lack of loyalty has been punished as the law demanded. Despite this his case isnt as strong as it should be. The Chorus who who at first supported Creon and who he relied upon to be agents of the law (p11) have turned against him, and the warnings put to him earlier have still not been dealt with.The entry of Tiresias brings the end of Creons case. The plague the guard alluded too has become tangible, and the corpse of Polyneices is where the contagion starts (p44). The king has been warned that the gods are revolted (p44) but when told that he can undo his mistake his first response is to load Tiresias of being bribed and his second sight.. well warped (p45). When Creon does relent it is because he has taken Antigones view that we should keep the established law (p48). This is a complete u-turn that sees Creon accept Antigones case and proves beyond doubt that her case is the stronger of the two. It is too little too late, Antigone is dead in her wedding dress with her beloved Haemon by her side, his mother and Creons wife Eurydice briefly joins them in the underworld. Creon is destroyed he want(s) to hurry death (p55) but can not. Antigone accepted the consequences of her actions but Creon has courted calamity (p56) and must accept the unknown to come.Using the criteria stated above I can only conclude that Antigone has been given the stronger case. If the play finished at the end of fourth episode it would be a hard decision but I would have sided with Antigone following her heartbreaking speeches. I would, as a moder n reader, also be swayed by the belief that the state should not interfere in the religious practices of families and should not overturn centuries old traditions for political reasons. Creons taking on of Antigones view and the Choruss final moral comment, that leaders should always rule by the gods and reverence them (p56), makes it impossible to draw a conclusion different to mine.

Essay --

For as long as we can remember, many people give been experiencing hardships and worries, with little to no income macrocosm one of the largest. In the U.S there argon a few programs that can help populations facing these difficulties obtain imperitive things they need. One of these benificial programs is WIC. WIC stands for Women, Infants and Children and is a special secondary nutrition program that targets nutritionally at risk mothers infants and children, due to low income. The program helps aid families in the effort to provide alimental foods, information and counseling on healthy eating, and to provide referrels to other healthcare and government benifit programs like welfare and social services. (Food and Nutrition service, 2013) The history of WIC dates back to the mid-sixties when many americans were suffering from malnutrition due to low income. In 1969 the nations concern with malnutrition, especially in mothers and children had greatly inc reased and the USDA established a commodity supplemental food program that would benifit pregnant women, infants and children. the legistlation formerly authorized the special supplemental food program as a 2 year pilot program in 1972 by an ammendement to the Child Nutrition act of 1966, and in 1975 WIC was established as a permanent program. (Oliveira, Racine, Olmsted, & Ghelfi, 2002) The purpose of the WIC, as stated before is to break the health of nutritionally at risk women infants and children through adequate nutritional help. According the the USDA Wic has improved birth outcomes with longer pregnancies, higher birth weights, freeze off infant mortalities, and more mothers receiving prenatal care. Also the improvement of savi... ...e volunteer opportuities consist of answering phones, filing chats, greeting wic participants, and reading and conducting activities for children while their parents are occupied. The requirements include being ab le to read and write, ability to work well with others, enjoy working with families and children receiving wic and sensitivity to cultural diversity. (Wic office, 2014). The benifits of volunteers are lower administration costs, stretching resoures, and increasing the musical note and quantity of the services that re provides to participants. Furthermore the community greatly benifits from Wic in that participants are healthier with the nutritional assistance and healthcare referrels that the program supplies. There are also a large amount of savings in healthcare costs as a result of prenatal and postpardum care for mothers which makes for healthier babies.

Designing a Leaflet :: Leaflets Consumerism Essays

Designing a LeafletTasks1. Design Leaflet2. Produce determine System3. Create a website4. Create a Labelling SystemTask 1 AnalysisDesign a booklet containing the information of the content of the finks selling items, prices, opening and closing hours.Form of Output Hand made leaflet on an A4 sized page, which result be photo copied umpteen times and be posted off to companies, businesses, and near by houses. The leaflet will contain pictures of sandwiches and various drinks info to be output On the commencement page I will have the Lancre lunch concussion logo. Opening hours Closing hours Shop name Location Map with Location clearly denominate Pricing Vouchers giving a certain amount of cash off certain sandwiches, printed in each leaflet Terms and conditions top using the vouchers. (In scummy print on the last page, not to waste space for other deals and advertisements. Information on different types of sandwiches, providing a different vegetarian alternative menu fo r vegetarian customers. Information on a large selection of meat sandwiches for the majority of customers who are meat eaters.Data for output On the first page I will have the Lancre lunch box logo. Opening hours Closing hours Shop name Location Map with Location clearly labelledDesired way outs1. Text moldiness stand out2. Details must stand out3. Must be colourful4. Must be easy to read5. Information must be justified and look neatTask 1 Design LeafletI have designed 2 leaflets on paper. Shortly after I designed thefirst one, I surveyed the issues and problems that arose. I solved theproblems and applied the changes to the second leaflet.I will be using Microsoft publisher to design the leaflet. Thisbroadcast will provide a solution because It has a colour feature, which I will take full advantage of, to attract potential customers. It has the ability to utter me my 3-page leaflet via a visual display unit (VDU). It is very user friendly in the way that it can easily interpr et my desired outcomes. E.g. the leaflet feature used to create a leaflet. Will give me a good visualisation of the outcome It is specially designed to create this type of outcome (A leaflet) I can import colour graphic filesWhy I have chosen the colours and effects that I have chosen for theleafletFront page I will have an Ivy border due to the fact that it will create goodcontrast against the Lancre lunch box logo It will also look very

Te Reo Maori Essay -- Literary Analysis, Maori Legends and Myths

The Te Tiriti o Waitangi was a contract that Maori people believe to be an acknowledgment of their existence and their prior occupation to the land, give respect to their language, culture and belief and it established the regime not for uni-culturalism, but for bi-culturalism (Sorrenson, 2004 p. 162). This essay discusses the historical events, attitudes and beliefs regarding Te reo Maori, its descent to the Te Tiriti o Waitangi and the significance of bicultural practice in spike heelly childishness education.According to Maori legends and myths Te reo Maori is champion of the treasures give to them by Tane, (God of the forest) when he climbed to the twelfth sphere to collect the three kete of knowledge that man-kind needed for survival (Pohatu, 2000). Te reo Maori is a unique identity of all Maori people, it is sacred and indigenous language because it was handed to them by their ancestors to be treasured, nurtured and encourage to positive influence the future generations (Barlow, 1991). In the Maori tradition they used Te reo to pass down their history, tell myths and legends, to korero through karakia, waiata and education from ear to ear (Pohatu, 2000). For instance the significance of Te reo Maori still can be seen when they have gathering at the Marae to welcome, waiata and do karakia before kai.Aotearoa is the home to Te reo Maori where is should be promoted and encouraged. In fact, Te Whriki and New Zealand Early Childhood curriculum acknowledge Te reo Maori by encouraging the teachers to promote and implement it in early childhood settings allowing all children the opportunity to understand and develop an understanding of Maori heritages Te reo, and partnership to Te Tiriti of Waitangi(Ministry of Education M... ... childhood education. Implementing of biculturalism is a social as well as political basis of sharing the power in decision making process of the country, learning and understand about other cultures, value and beliefs (Walke r, 1996).To conclude, Te reo Maori is one of the treasures given to Maori people as one of their taonga from their God as part of their identity. It is important for the Maori people to keep their language survives for the mokopuna as well as connecting them to the land, values and beliefs. The principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi were partnership, participation and protection that the Crown failed to act upon which result in Waitangi Tribunal. Te Whariki and New Zealand curriculum promotes and implement bicultural to revitalised Te reo Maori as well as strengthening the partnership between Maori and Pakeha of the Te Tiriti of Waitangi.